Basanite

Mylonite

Basanite and Mylonite

Basanite

Mylonite

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Definition

Basanite is a black basaltic rock which mainly contains plagioclase, augite, olivine and nepheline and is formerly used as a touchstone

Mylonite is a metamorphic rock formed by ductile deformation during intense shearing encountered during folding and faulting, a process termed cataclastic or dynamic metamorphism

History

Origin

New Zealand

Discoverer

Unknown

Etymology

From Latin basanites + -ite

From Greek mulōn mill + -ite

Class

Igneous Rocks

Metamorphic Rocks

Sub-Class

Durable Rock, Hard Rock

Durable Rock, Medium Hardness Rock

Family

Group

Other Categories

Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

Texture

Aphanitic to Porphyritic

Foliated

Color

Black, Brown, Green, Grey, Red, White

Black to Grey

Maintenance

Less

Durability

Durable

Water Resistant

✔ ✘

Scratch Resistant

✔ ✘

Stain Resistant

✔ ✘

Wind Resistant

✔ ✘

Acid Resistant

✔ ✘

Appearance

Glassy or Pearly

Dull, Banded and Foilated

Uses

Architecture

Interior Uses

Decorative Aggregates, Homes

Decorative Aggregates, Interior Decoration

Exterior Uses

As Building Stone, Garden Decoration, Office Buildings

As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Paving Stone, Garden Decoration

Other Architectural Uses

Whetstones

Curbing

Industry

Construction Industry

Arrowheads, Construction Aggregate, Cutting Tool, Spear Points

for Road Aggregate, Landscaping, Roadstone

Medical Industry

Antiquity Uses

Artifacts, Monuments

Other Uses

Commercial Uses

As a touchstone, Creating Artwork, Gemstone, In fire-starting tools, Manufacture of tools, Metallurgical Flux, Jewelry, To ignite fire, Used in flintlock firearms

Creating Artwork, Gemstone, Jewelry

Types

Nepheline-Basanite, Analcite-Basanite and Leucite-Basanite

Blastomylonites, Ultramylonites and Phyllonites

Features

Clasts are smooth to touch, Easily splits into thin plates, Has High structural resistance against erosion and climate, Used as a touchstone

Surfaces are often shiny

Archaeological Significance

Monuments

Famous Monuments

Sculpture

Famous Sculptures

Pictographs

Petroglyphs

Figurines

Fossils

Absent

Formation

Basanite is a fine-grained, hard rock that forms when bits of lava shoot out of volcanoes.

Mylonites are ductilely deformed rocks formed by the accumulation of large shear strain, in ductile fault zones.

Composition

Mineral Content

Augite, Feldspar, Ilmenite, Olivine, Plagioclase

Porphyroblasts

Compound Content

Potassium Oxide, Sodium Oxide, Silicon Dioxide

Aluminium Oxide, Calcium Sulfate, Chromium(III) Oxide, Iron(III) Oxide, Magnesium Carbonate, Silicon Dioxide

Transformation

Metamorphism

✔ ✘

Types of Metamorphism

Burial Metamorphism, Cataclastic Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism, Regional Metamorphism

Weathering

✔ ✘

Types of Weathering

Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering

Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering

Erosion

✔ ✘

Types of Erosion

Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion, Glacier Erosion, Sea Erosion, Water Erosion, Wind Erosion

Chemical Erosion, Sea Erosion, Wind Erosion

Properties

Physical Properties

Hardness

73-4

1 7

👆🏻

Grain Size

Fine Grained

Fracture

Uneven, Splintery or Conchoidal

Conchoidal

Streak

White

Porosity

Highly Porous

Luster

Waxy and Dull

Shiny

Compressive Strength

100.00 N/mm²1.28 N/mm²

0.15 450

👆🏻

Cleavage

Conchoidal

Toughness

1.5

Specific Gravity

2.5-2.82.97-3.05

0 8.4

👆🏻

Transparency

Translucent to Opaque

Opaque

Density

2.7 g/cm³2.6-4.8 g/cm³

0 1400

👆🏻

Thermal Properties

Specific Heat Capacity

0.74 kJ/Kg K1.50 kJ/Kg K

0.14 3.2

👆🏻

Resistance

Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant, Pressure Resistant, Wear Resistant

Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant, Pressure Resistant

Reserves

Deposits in Eastern Continents

Asia

China, India, Indonesia, Saudi Arabia, South Korea

Africa

Uganda

Eritrea, Ethiopia, Ghana, South Africa, Western Africa

Europe

Germany, Hungary, Italy, Spain

England, Finland, France, Germany, Great Britain, Greece, United Kingdom

Others

Greenland, Mid-Atlantic Ridge

Deposits in Western Continents

North America

USA

South America

Bolivia, Brazil

Deposits in Oceania Continent

Australia

New South Wales, New Zealand, Queensland, South Australia, Western Australia

Central Australia, Western Australia

All about Basanite and Mylonite Properties

Know all about Basanite and Mylonite properties here. All properties of rocks are important as they define the type of rock and its application. Basanite belongs to Igneous Rocks while Mylonite belongs to Metamorphic Rocks.Texture of Basanite is Aphanitic to Porphyritic whereas that of Mylonite is Foliated. Basanite appears Glassy or Pearly and Mylonite appears Dull, Banded and Foilated. The luster of Basanite is waxy and dull while that of Mylonite is shiny. Basanite is available in black, brown, green, grey, red, white colors whereas Mylonite is available in black to grey colors. The commercial uses of Basanite and Mylonite are as a touchstone, creating artwork, gemstone, in fire-starting tools, manufacture of tools, metallurgical flux, jewelry, to ignite fire, used in flintlock firearms.